Happy birthday to trailblazing American computer scientist Frances Elizabeth Allen (1932 – 2020) who made foundational contributions to optimizing compilers, optimizing programs and parallel computing. She was the first woman to become an IBM Fellow, where she worked from 1957 to 2002 and as an emeritus fellow afterwards. She was the first woman to win the Turing Prize.
Happy birthday to #astrophysicist Jocelyn Bell Burnell! In 1967, she was a grad student when she discovered the 1st radio pulsar, a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits a beam of EM radiation. This radiation can only be observed when the star is pointed towards us; so, like the light from a lighthouse, it appears to pulse at a precise frequency. She had been working with her supervisor Hewish & others to construct a radio telescope to #MastoArt#linocut#printmaking#histstm
Happy birthday to Danish #seismologist Inge Lehmann (1888 – 1993) who demonstrated that the Earth's core is not a single molten sphere, but contained an inner solid core, in ‘36. She was a pioneer #womanInScience, a brilliant seismologist & lived to be 105.
As she first postulated, the #earth has roughly 3 equal concentric sections: mantle, liquid outer core & solid inner core. 🧵1/n
For #ArtAdventCalendar Day 10: Happy birthday to Ada Lovelace (1815-1852), who published the first computer program. She worked together with Charles Babbage, the inventor of the Difference Engine and the Analytical Engine (the first - analogue! - #computers), correcting his notes on how to calculate Bernoulli Numbers with the Analytical Engine. 🧵1/n
Happy birthday to #geologist & oceanographic #cartographer Marie Tharp (1920-2006), whose pioneering, thorough & complete ocean floor maps with Bruce Heezen, made using realms of echo sounder data, revealed the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
After studying #geology & math, Maurice 'Doc' Ewing at Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia hired her to draft 1000s of echo sounder profiles. Women were still not allowed to participate in
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Happy birthday to Marie Skłodowska-Curie (1867 – 1934, Polish-born, naturalized-French #physicist & #chemist. The contents of her lab glassware in my print appropriately glow-in-the-dark!
Marie Curie was the 1st woman to win a Nobel prize, the only woman to ever win 2 Nobel prizes, and the only person ever to win in two different sciences: #physics & #chemistry. She was also the 1st woman prof at the U of Paris, … 🧵1/n
Happy birthday to Danish #seismologist Inge Lehmann (1888 – 1993) who demonstrated that the Earth's core is not a single molten sphere, but contained an inner solid core, in ‘36. She was a pioneer #womanInScience, a brilliant seismologist & lived to be 105.
As she first postulated, the #earth has roughly 3 equal concentric sections: mantle, liquid outer core & solid inner core.
Happy birthday to mathematician & NASA scientist Katherine Johnson (née Coleman; 1918 – 2020). One of the first Black women employed as a NASA scientist (and its predecessor NACA), she was known for her mastery of complex manual calculations of orbital mechanics and played a pivotal role in the success of the US crewed spaceflights from the beginning.
Happy birthday to #neurologist Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852 - 1934), here in front of Purkinje and granule cells from a pigeon, based on one of his own drawings! Cajal &Golgi won the Nobel in 1906, "in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system". He was as much of an artist as he was a scientist & his 100s of drawings are still used for teaching purposes.
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This #BlackHistoryMonth let’s celebrate trailblazing American #biochemist Marie Maynard Daly (1921-2003), 1st Black woman to earn a PhD in #chemistry in the US! She made important research contributions to the biochemisty of the cell nucleus & cardiovascular issues & our knowledge of the chemistry of histones & protein synthesis. 🧵1/
On this day, (Mon) October 16 in 1903 Cécile de Brunhoff was born. She was a French storyteller and the creator of the original Babar story. She was also a classically trained pianist. The Babar books began as a bedtime story de Brunhoff invented for her children.
For #SciArtSeptember day 9: heart, it’s trailblazing American #biochemist Marie Maynard Daly (1921-2003), 1st Black woman to earn a PhD in #chemistry in the US! She made important research contributions to the biochemisty of the cell nucleus & cardiovascular issues & our knowledge of the chemistry of histones & protein synthesis. She published original research establishing that….
Happy birthday to Queen Seondeok of Silla (c. 595 ~ 610 - 647), 27th ruler of one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, from 632-647, who brought about a renaissance in culture and science and built the Cheomseongdae moon and star-gazing observatory.
Known for her intelligence, wisdom & benevolence, stories survive of her curiosity & cleverness even as a child. When her father the King was gifted peony seeds from China, 🧵1/
#artAdventCalendar Happy birthday to #mathematician & #computerscientist US Navy rear admiral Grace Hopper (1906-1992) who popularized the revolutionary idea of developing machine-independent programming languages based on English.
She began teaching at Vassar in 31 & got PhD (Yale) in 34. She found marriage & teaching less fulfilling & tried to enlist in the Navy, but was rejected then got a special exemption to volunteer 🧵1/n
Happy birthday to #neurologist Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852 - 1934), here in front of Purkinje and granule cells from a pigeon, based on one of his own drawings! Cajal &Golgi won the Nobel in 1906, "in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system". He was as much of an artist as he was a scientist & his 100s of drawings are still used for teaching purposes.
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#sciart#linocut#printmaking#histstm#PurkinjeCell#neuroscience#MastoArt
Her posthumous books featured her "wild and fearless life," but she was also a trailblazing famous #Victorian#lepidopterist, published in The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variations, expert on tropical butterflies, discovering, documenting, breeding & gathering specimen in 60 countries, talented scientific illustrator, 🧵 #printmaking#womenInSTEM#histstm
For #SciArtSeptember Day 7: indigo a little story of analogy & bias in the most famous physicist of all. My lino block print is inspired by the earliest colour wheel, made by Isaac Newton. When he first split white light in 1665 into the rainbow spectrum of colours, he named & described what he saw as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet (often denoted ROY G BIV).
Good Morning! On this day, (Tuesday) August 29 in 1924 Dinah Washington was born. She was an American singer and pianist, one of the most popular black female recording artists of the 1950s. Primarily a jazz vocalist, she performed and recorded in a wide variety of styles.
For the #Spacetober prompt pulsar I’m sharing my portrait of #astrophysicist Jocelyn Bell Burnell! In 1967, she was a grad student when she discovered the 1st radio pulsar, a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits a beam of EM radiation. This radiation can only be observed when the star is pointed towards us; so, like the light from a lighthouse, it appears to pulse at a precise frequency. 🧵1/n
For #ArtAdventCalendar Day 2, #scientist Kathleen Lonsdale DBE FRS (née Yardley, 1903-1971) who solved the longstanding #chemistry conundrum of the shape of benzene. Here with her drawing of electron density for hexachlorobenzene (green) & model of hexamethylbenzene explore shape in different forms. Her husband said, “Before prison it might have bothered her to go to Buckingham Palace. Afterwards, Holloway or Buckingham Palace were all the same.” 🧵1 #womenInSTEM#linocut#printmaking#histstm
Happy birthday to American #astronomer Henrietta Swan Leavitt (1868-1921) who set the scale of our Universe. In her day, women scientists were regularly hired to do menial chores like counting images on photographic plates as a "computer". In studying these plates, in 1908 she was able to deduce a ground-breaking theory, which allowed Hubble's later insight about the age and expansion of the universe.
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Born on this day: #physicist J. R. Oppenheimer (1904-1967). While best remembered for his role in the Manhattan Project, he was a giant of 20th century theoretical physics, nominated for a Nobel 3 times.
In 1927 he & Max Born greatly simplified how we predict electrons behaviour within atoms. The Born-Oppenheimer or adiabatic approximation is based on the observation that electrons are 1000s times lighter than nuclei, 🧵1/n
Happy birthday to #biochemist Marie Maynard Daly (1921-2003), 1st Black woman to earn a PhD in #chemistry in the US! She made important research contributions to our understanding of the biochemisty of the cell nucleus & cardiovascular issues & the chemistry of histones & protein synthesis. She established that "no bases other than adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine were present in appreciable amounts" in DNA - #womenInSTEM#BlackInSTEM#histstm#printmaking#linocut#histmed#HeartDisease