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Project Gutenberg, founded in 1971, is the oldest producer and distributor of free ebooks.

According to Michael Hart (March 8, 1947 – September 6, 2011), founder of Project Gutenberg, the mission of Project Gutenberg is simple: to encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks.
This mission is, as much as possible, to encourage all those who are interested in making eBooks and helping to give them away.

This profile is from a federated server and may be incomplete. Browse more on the original instance.

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“THE DYNAMITER is a hugely inventive & brilliant book, at once a political thriller, a blackly comic satire, & a female adventure”

Robert Louis Stevenson & Fanny Van de Grift Osbourne married , 19 May, 1880. In this article, Prof Penny Fielding explores the dangerous between RLS & his wife: granting female agency on the page & in life

@bookstodon

https://dangerouswomenproject.org/2017/01/06/a-dangerous-collaboration/

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@scotlit Thanks for mentioning us!

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American novelist and short story writer Nathaniel Hawthorne died #OTD in 1864.

Hawthorne's early career was marked by relative obscurity. He self-published his first work, a novel titled "Fanshawe," in 1828, but later sought to suppress it. Throughout the 1830s and 1840s, he wrote numerous short stories and sketches which were later collected in volumes such as "Twice-Told Tales" (1837, 1842).

Books by Nathaniel Hawthorne at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/28

#books #literature

Cover of Mosses from an old manse by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Mosses from an Old Manse is a short story collection by Nathaniel Hawthorne, first published in 1846. The collection includes several previously published short stories, and was named in honor of The Old Manse where Hawthorne and his wife lived for the first three years of their marriage. The first edition was published in 1846. Hawthorne seems to have been paid $75 for the publication.

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"No man, for any considerable period, can wear one face to himself and another to the multitude, without finally getting bewildered as to which may be the true."

Chapter XX: The Minister in a Maze - The Scarlet Letter (1850)

~Nathaniel Hawthorne (July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864)

#books #literature

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"There is an ideal standard somewhere and only that matters and I cannot find it. Hence the aimlessness."
The Letters of T.E. Lawrence

British archaeologist, army officer, diplomat, and writer T. E. Lawrence died #OTD in 1935.

He is famously known as "Lawrence of Arabia" due to his extraordinary role in the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during World War I.

T. E. Lawrence as a translator at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/65161

#books #literature

Bedouins of the Syrian Desert. (JOHN SARGENT. R.A.) Frontispiece of Syria, the Desert & the Sown Author: Gertrude Lowthian Bell Illustrator: John Singer Sargent Available at PG: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/63731

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#OTD in 1743.

French physicist Jean-Pierre Christin published the design of a mercury thermometer using the centigrade scale with 0 representing the melting point of water and 100 its boiling point.

Available at : Annales des sciences physiques et naturelles, d'agriculture et d'industrie
By Société d'agriculture, sciences et industrie de Lyon. via @googlebooks

#books #science #physics #thermometry

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In his paper Observations of two persistent degrees on a thermometer, Christin recounted his experiments showing that the melting point of ice is essentially unaffected by pressure. He also determined with remarkable precision how the boiling point of water varied as a function of atmospheric pressure. He proposed that the zero point of his temperature scale, being the boiling point, would be calibrated at the mean barometric pressure at mean sea level.

#books #science #physics #thermometry

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Historical note:
1742 Anders Celsius invented the Celsius temperature scale. In its original form the scale had 0 degrees for the boiling point of water and 100 degrees for its freezing point.

1743 The scale was changed by Jean Pierre Christin so that 0 degrees is the freezing point of water and 100 degrees is its boiling point.

via @internetarchive

#science #physics #thermometry

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Anders Celsius published his research at Abhandlungen über thermometrie, von Fahrenheit, Réaumur, Celsius, (1724, 1730-1733, 1742)
Hrsg. von A.J. von Oettingen.

Available via @internetarchive

https://archive.org/details/abhandlungenber00celsgoog

#books #science #physics #thermometry

"With this in mind, I have marked a point on my thermometer on my thermometer, under which I could at all times the point of boiling water, according to which the barometer which the barometer also changed, and that in tens of parts, or granes of a Swedish geometric line. Namely:"

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English self-taught mathematician and physicist Oliver Heaviside was born #OTD in 1850.

He invented a new technique for solving differential equations, independently developed vector calculus, and rewrote Maxwell's equations in the form commonly used today. He significantly shaped the way Maxwell's equations are understood and applied in the decades following Maxwell's death. His practical experience in telegraphy provided a foundation for his later theoretical work.

#books #science #physics

Cover of Electromagnetic theory by Heaviside, Oliver, 1850-1925 Publication date 1922 Topics Electromagnetic theory, Vector analysis, Electric waves Publisher London : Benn

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@weekend_editor He made a significant contribution by providing a new interpretation of Maxwell's equations. And probably his mental issues were due to the intense dedication to his work. We should look at his legacy instead...

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"Destiny stands behind people, veiled in a veil of mystery, and in her hand she holds a quiver with a thousand events..."
Gloria Victis

Polish novelist Eliza Orzeszkowa died #OTD in 1810.

Orzeszkowa was a leading writer of the Positivism movement during foreign Partitions of Poland. In 1905, together with Henryk Sienkiewicz, she was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Books by Eliza Orzeszkowa at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/9367

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Cover of Marta by Eliza Orzeszkowa

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British mathematician, logician, philosopher, & public intellectual Bertrand Russell was born #OTD in 1872.

One of Russell's most significant achievements is the co-authorship of "Principia Mathematica" (1910-1913) with Alfred North Whitehead. His works, such as "The Problems of Philosophy" (1912) & "Our Knowledge of the External World" (1914), explored issues related to knowledge, perception, & the scientific method.

Books by Bertrand Russell at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/355

#books #literature

Cover of Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy by Bertrand Russell. Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy is a book (1919 first edition) by philosopher Bertrand Russell, in which the author seeks to create an accessible introduction to various topics within the foundations of mathematics. According to the preface, the book is intended for those with only limited knowledge of mathematics and no prior experience with the mathematical logic it deals with. Accordingly, it is often used in introductory philosophy of mathematics courses at institutions of higher education.

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"Physics is mathematical not because we know so much about the physical world, but because we know so little: it is only its mathematical properties that we can discover."

An Outline of Philosophy Ch.15 The Nature of our Knowledge of Physics (1927)

"The pursuit of philosophy is founded on the belief that knowledge is good, even if what is known is painful."

Philosophy for Laymen (1946)

~Bertrand Russell (1872-1955)

#books #physics #mathematics #philosophy

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“Feindre d’ignorer ce qu’on sait, de savoir tout ce que l’on ignore... voilà toute la politique.”
Le Mariage de Figaro (1778)

French polymath cha died #OTD in 1799.

He is best known for his classic plays, particularly "The Barber of Seville" and "The Marriage of Figaro," which form part of the Figaro trilogy. These works were adapted into famous operas by Gioachino Rossini and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart respectively.

Books by Pierre Beaumarchais at PG:
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Illustratiion dans l'édition originale du Mariage de Figaro de Beaumarchais

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in 1902.

Greek archaeologist Valerios Stais discovers the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient mechanical analog computer.

The mechanism is composed of at least 30 bronze gears housed in a wooden frame. It features dials, pointers, and inscriptions that correspond to various astronomical cycles. The front dial is believed to show the zodiac and the solar and lunar calendars, while the back dials include the Metonic, Saros & Callippic cycles.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism

Computer-generated back panel Tony Freeth - Original publication: The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project Immediate The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project

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#OTD in 1863.

Rosalía de Castro publishes Cantares Gallegos, the first book in the Galician language.

The book is framed between poems 1 and 36, which constitute respectively the prologue and epilogue. It also manifests a circular structure as it begins with a composition in which a young girl who is invited to sing takes the voice and ends with the same voice of the girl who apologizes for her lack of ability to sing the beauties of Galicia.

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/59037

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French composer and pianist Erik Satie was born in 1866.

In the 1880s he began composing works, mostly for solo piano, such as his Gymnopédies and Gnossiennes. He is known for his unconventional and innovative approach to music. He is often considered a precursor to movements such as minimalism, surrealism, and the avant-garde. Satie's work was influential to many 20th-century composers, including Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel.

https://www.cpdl.org/wiki/index.php/Erik_Satie

Satie Gymnopedie No. 3 for piano solo

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in 1900.

The first copies of the children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum were printed by the George M. Hill Company.

During the subsequent decades after the novel's publication in 1900, it received little critical analysis from scholars of children's literature. This lack of interest stemmed from the scholars' misgivings about fantasy, as well as to their belief that lengthy series had little literary merit.

https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/43936

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English poet, author and critic Edmund Gosse died #OTD in 1928.

Gosse's father, Philip Henry Gosse, was a renowned naturalist, and their complex relationship is detailed in Edmund Gosse's memoir, "Father and Son" (1907), which remains one of his most famous works. In addition to "Father and Son," he wrote numerous other works, including poetry collections, biographies, and literary criticism.

Books by Edmund Gosse at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/959

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Cover of Father and Son: A Study of Two Temperaments by Edmund Gosse

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American nurse midwife and the founder of the Frontier Nursing Service Mary Carson Breckinridge died #OTD in 1965.

In 1925, she founded the FNS, which aimed to improve maternal and infant health by providing midwifery and nursing care to families in the Appalachian mountains. Her efforts also helped to elevate the role of nurse-midwives in the United States and contributed to advancements in rural healthcare delivery.

#nursing #womeninscience

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in 1888.

Nikola Tesla delivers a lecture describing the equipment which will allow efficient generation and use of alternating currents to transmit electric power over long distances.

Experiments with alternate currents of very high frequency and their application to methods of artificial illumination. By Nikola Tesla

https://teslasciencecenter.org/announcements/experiments-with-alternate-currents-of-very-high-frequency-and-their-application-to-methods-of-artificial-illumination-by-nikola-tesla/

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in 1925.

The first modern performance of Claudio Monteverdi's opera Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria occurred in Paris.

Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria is an opera consisting of a prologue and five acts (later revised to three), set by Monteverdi to a libretto by Giacomo Badoaro. The opera was first performed at the Teatro Santi Giovanni e Paolo in Venice during the 1639–1640 carnival season. The story is taken from the second half of Homer's Odyssey.

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British poet Felicia Dorothea Hemans died #OTD in 1835.

Some of her most famous poems include "Casabianca," which begins with the memorable line "The boy stood on the burning deck," and "The Homes of England," which celebrates the virtues of home and family. Hemans also wrote historical and romantic poetry, drawing inspiration from literature, history, and mythology.

Books by or about Felicia Hemans at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/search/?query=Felicia+Hemans&submit_search=Go%21

#books #literature #poetry

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"Ye may trace my step o'er the wakening earth,
By the winds which tell of the violet's birth,
By the primrose-stars in the shadowy grass,
By the green leaves, opening as I pass."

The Poetical Works of Felicia Dorothea Hemans (1914)

~Felicia Dorothea Hemans (25 September 1793 – 16 May 1835)

#books #literature #poetry

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Dutch poet, literary critic, & essayist Albert Verwey was born #OTD in 1865.

Verwey was a central figure in the Dutch literary movement known as the Tachtigers, which sought to revolutionize Dutch poetry by emphasizing individualism, emotion, and innovative language and form. The Tachtigers rejected the conventional poetic styles & themes of their time, advocating for a more personal and introspective approach to poetry.

Books by Albert Verwey at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/38843

#books #literature

Cover of Holland en de oorlog by Albert Verwey

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@frhuy Thanks for sharing!

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