gutenberg_org

gutenberg_org, 17 days ago to science

German mineralogist and physicist Franz Ernst Neumann died #OTD in 1895.

Neumann made significant advances in the mathematical understanding of crystal structures & their physical properties. His work laid the groundwork for the field of crystallography. He also developed the concept of the piezoelectric effect in crystals.In 1831, he established the Neumann's Law: the molecular heat of a compound is equal to the sum of the atomic heats of its constituents.

#science #physics #crystallography

Frontispiece of "Vorlesungen über theoretische Optik", 1885 By Franz Ernst Neumann

gutenberg_org, 17 days ago to books

King Lear Had a Happy Ending for 140 Years

People have always rewritten Shakespeare’s plays—let's discuss the fascinating history of adapting and altering the Bard's immortal verse... via @tordotcom

BY CHARLIE JANE ANDERS

https://reactormag.com/king-lear-had-a-happy-ending-for-140-years/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Lit%20Hub%20Daily:%20May%2023%2C%202024&utm_term=lithub_master_list

#books #literature

gutenberg_org, 17 days ago to books

American journalist, editor, critic, translator, and women's rights advocate associated with the American transcendentalism movement Margaret Fuller was born #OTD in 1810.

She was the first American female war correspondent and full-time book reviewer in journalism. Her book Woman in the Nineteenth Century is considered the first major feminist work in the United States.

Books by Margaret Fuller at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/2829

#books #literature

Title page for Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845) by Margaret Fuller

gutenberg_org, 17 days ago to books

"The spirit of truth and the spirit of freedom — these are the pillars of society."
The Pillars of Society

Norwegian Dramatist & Poet Henrik Ibsen died #OTD in 1906.

Ibsen is renowned for his pioneering work in realism, a movement in theater that sought to depict everyday life & societal issues with honesty and accuracy. He moved away from the romanticized and melodramatic styles that dominated the 19th century.

Books by Henrik Ibsen at PG
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/861

#books #literature #theatre

Title page of a 1936 edition of the play Peer Gynt by Henrik Ibsen, illustrated by Arthur Rackham.

gutenberg_org, 17 days ago to books

Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus was born #OTD in 1707.

Linnaeus introduced the two-part system of naming organisms - binomial nomenclature - where each species is given a genus name followed by a species name. This system brought consistency and clarity to the naming of organisms. His work laid the foundation for the biological classification system by categorizing living organisms into hierarchical groups based on shared characteristics.

Linné at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/9516

#books #botany

Title page of the 10th edition of Systema naturæ written by Carl Linnæus, published in 1758 by L. Salvius in Stockholm. Digitized in 2004 from an original copy of the 1758 edition held by Göttingen State and University Library

gutenberg_org, 18 days ago to books

British writer and physician Arthur Conan Doyle was born #OTD in 1859.

Doyle was a prolific writer; other than Holmes stories, his works include fantasy and science fiction stories about Professor Challenger, and humorous stories about the Napoleonic soldier Brigadier Gerard, as well as plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction, and historical novels.

Books by Arthur Conan Doyle at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/69

#books #literature

Book cover of The case-book of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle

gutenberg_org, 18 days ago to art

#OTD in 1874.

Verdi's Requiem was first performed at San Marco in Milan on the first anniversary of Manzoni's death.

Verdi himself conducted, and the four soloists were Teresa Stolz (soprano), Maria Waldmann (mezzo-soprano), Giuseppe Capponi (tenor) and Ormondo Maini [it] (bass). Throughout the work, Verdi used vigorous rhythms, sublime melodies, and dramatic contrasts—much as he did in his operas—to express the powerful emotions engendered by the text.

https://www.cpdl.org/wiki/index.php/Requiem_(Giuseppe_Verdi)

#art #music

gutenberg_org, 18 days ago (edited 18 days ago) to books

"Un jour, espérons-le, le globe sera civilisé. Tous les points de la demeure humaine seront éclairés, et alors sera accompli le magnifique rêve de l'intelligence : avoir pour patrie le Monde et pour nation l'Humanité."
Les Burgraves, 1843

French writer Victor Hugo died #OTD in 1885.

Hugo is considered one of the most important writers of the French language and of world literature.

Books by Victor Hugo at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/85

#books #literature

gutenberg_org, 18 days ago to books

Thoughts on the precipice

"How immense the universe is!
How eternal history is!
I wanted to measure the immensity with this puny five-foot body.
What authority has Horatio's philosophy?
The true nature of the whole creation.
...
I have no anxiety.
I recognize for the first time.
Great pessimism is nothing but great optimism."

#OTD in 1903.

Japanese philosophy student Misao Fujimura carves a poem into a tree at Kegon Falls before committing suicide over unrequited love.

#books #literature

gutenberg_org, 19 days ago to books

"Ceux qui vivent d’amour, vivent d’éternité."

Belgian poet and art critic Émile Verhaeren was born #OTD in 1855.

Verhaeren's early work was heavily influenced by the Symbolist movement, which sought to express the unseen forces and emotions behind everyday experiences through symbolic imagery and metaphor. "Les Flamandes" (1883) is his first major collection, depicting the life and customs of Flemish people.

Books by Émile Verhaeren at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/3287

#books #literature #poetry

Cover of James Ensor by Emile Verhaeren

gutenberg_org, 19 days ago to random

"Each time we make a choice, we pay
With courage to behold the restless day,
And count it fair."

#OTD in 1932.

Bad weather forces Amelia Earhart to land in a pasture in Derry, Northern Ireland, and she thereby becomes the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. She then received the United States Distinguished Flying Cross.

#aviator #womenwriters

gutenberg_org, 19 days ago to books

"The finest minds, like the finest metals, dissolve the easiest."

English poet, translator, and satirist Alexander Pope was born #OTD in 1688.

He is considered one of the most prominent English poets of the early 18th century. An exponent of Augustan literature, Pope is best known for his satirical and discursive poetry including The Rape of the Lock, The Dunciad, and An Essay on Criticism, and for his translations of Homer.

Alexander Pope at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/907

#books #literature

Frontispiece to the Essay on Man, designed by Pope to represent the vanity of human glory. The Works of Alexander Pope, Volume 2 (of 10) by Alexander Pope Table of Contents AN ESSAY ON CRITICISM. APPENDIX. THE COMMENTARY AND NOTES OF W. WARBURTON ON THE ESSAY ON CRITICISM. RAPE OF THE LOCK. ELEGY TO THE MEMORY OF AN UNFORTUNATE LADY. ELOISA TO ABELARD. AN ESSAY ON MAN. THE ARGUMENT. THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER. APPENDIX. NOTES on "An Essay on Man". NOTES OF W. WARBURTON ON THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER. FOOTNOTES.

gutenberg_org, 19 days ago to books

American activist and author Jane Addams died #OTD in 1935.

Addams co-founded Hull House, one of America's most famous settlement houses, in Chicago, Illinois, providing extensive social services to poor, largely immigrant families. In 1910, Addams was awarded an honorary Master of Arts degree from Yale University, becoming the first woman to receive an honorary degree from the school.

Books by Jane Addams at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/602

#books #literature

Title page of Newer ideals of peace by Jane Addams

gutenberg_org, 19 days ago to books

French mathematician and engineer Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis was born #OTD in 1792.

He is best known for his work on the supplementary forces that are detected in a rotating frame of reference, leading to the Coriolis effect. He was the first to apply the term "work" for the transfer of energy by a force acting through a distance, and he prefixed the factor ½ to Leibniz's concept of vis viva, thus specifying today's kinetic energy.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_force

#books #science #physics

Sur les équations du mouvement relatif des systèmes de corps Auteur :Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis (1792-1843) Auteur de l'analyse :Alexandre Moatti - Ingénieur en chef des mines, docteur en histoire des sciences, Directeur de la publication de science.gouv.fr Publication : Deux articles : 1) « Mémoire sur le principe des forces vives dans les mouvements relatifs des machines », Journal de l’École polytechnique, v. XIII, cahier XXI (1832), p. 268-302 (Lu à l’Académie des sciences le 6 juin 1831 ) ; 2) « Mémoire sur les équations du mouvement relatif des systèmes de corps », Journal de l’École polytechnique, 24° cahier, XV, cahier XXIV, p. 142-154. Année de publication : 1835 Nombre de Pages : 48 Résumé : En deux articles de 1831 et 1835, Coriolis met en évidence la notion de « force d’entraînement » et de « forces centrifuges composées » ; ces dernières prendront le nom de force de Coriolis, permettant d’expliquer les phénomènes les plus divers de rotation d’un repère par rapport à un autre (pendule de Foucault, mouvements des masses d’air et d’eau à la surface du globe, etc.). Source de la numérisation : BnF/Gallica

gutenberg_org, 20 days ago to books

#OTD in 1609.

Shakespeare's sonnets are first published in London, perhaps illicitly, by the publisher Thomas Thorpe.

However, there are six additional sonnets that Shakespeare wrote and included in the plays Romeo and Juliet, Henry V and Love's Labour's Lost. There is also a partial sonnet found in the play Edward III. The sonnets are almost all constructed using three quatrains followed by a final couplet. The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1041

#books #literature

gutenberg_org, 20 days ago to random

#OTD in 1570.

Cartographer Abraham Ortelius issues Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, the first modern atlas.

Three Latin editions of this (besides a Dutch, a French and a German edition) appeared before the end of 1572; 25 editions came out before Ortelius' death in 1598; and several others were published subsequently, for the atlas continued to be in demand till about 1612. It is often considered as the official beginning of the Golden Age of Netherlandish cartography (~1570s–1670s).

#cartography

gutenberg_org, 20 days ago (edited 20 days ago) to books

Danish-born Norwegian writer Sigrid Undset was born #OTD in 1882.

Born in Denmark and raised in Norway, Undset had her first books of historical fiction published in 1907. She fled Norway for the United States in 1940 because of her opposition to Nazi Germany and the German invasion and occupation of Norway, but returned after World War II ended in 1945.

Books by Sigrid Undset at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/35742

#books #literature

gutenberg_org, 20 days ago to books

French novelist and playwright Honoré de Balzac was born #OTD in 1799.

He is best known for his magnum opus, "La Comédie Humaine", a vast collection of interlinked novels and stories that provide a detailed panorama of French society in the first half of the 19th century. The series is divided into three major parts: "Études de Mœurs", "Études Philosophiques", and "Études Analytiques".

Books by Honoré de Balzac at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/251

#books #literature

gutenberg_org, 21 days ago to science

Austrian molecular biologist Max F. Perutz was born #OTD in 1914.

He is best known for his work on the structure of hemoglobin, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1962, sharing it with John Kendrew.

Using X-ray crystallography, Perutz was able to determine the three-dimensional structure of hemoglobin, which was a groundbreaking achievement in understanding how proteins function at the molecular level.

#science #molecularbiology #cristallography