Just to be clear, if you are shooting someone you are always “shooting to kill”. You never so much as point a firearm at someone unless you are ready to end their life. If someone happens to be incapacitated but survive being shot then that is a happy accident but it should never be the expected outcome.
ACAB of course and I agree with everything else you said. I just get really tired of the “why didn’t they shoot the in the leg or hand” comments. Real life isn’t an action movie. That isn’t how things work. If you are shooting someone you are aiming center of mass so you have the best chance of hitting despite the high stress scenario which it will be if you’re not a sociopath. And you keep pulling the trigger until they drop because gunshot wounds will rarely drop someone in one hit. Even of it winds up being a lethal wound it can take a while to kill or even be debilitating to someone who is almost certainly running on adrenaline; until then all you’ve done is piss them off and make yourself a threat. In high stress situations people are known to be able to sustain fatal gunshot wounds and not even realize that they’ve been shot until the adrenaline starts wearing off.